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Arkansas State University

Citation Style Guide : CSE

Basic introduction into AMA, APA, Chicago, MLA and Turabian citation styles.

CSE Manual

Cover of the CSE Manual

Resources

CSE citation is used in all areas of the sciences.

If you need more information than what is given in this guide, try the following sources: 

Notice

This is only intended to be a guide. Your professor may have specific or additional requirements not listed in this guide.

CSE Citation Style

Note: CSE uses strict capitalization and abbreviation rules:

  • When citing journals, use the official abbreviation of its title. (List of Title Word Abbreviations). If a journal name is only one word, do not abbreviate.
         Example:   Nature              J Amb Intel Hum Comp

     
  • Author names: List the author's last name, followed by a space, then initial with no periods. Make sure to match exactly how the name is listed, following the capitalization and punctuation printed in the source material:
         Example: Terry Winograd → Winograd T      Irene de la Cruz-Pavía → de la Cruz-Pavía I      Yu-Ting Chen → Chen Y-T

     
  • Multiple authors: List each author in the same order they are listed in the source material, separated by a comma. For books with more than 5 authors, list the first author followed by “et al.”
         Example: Honghai Guan, Qingli Chen, Song Han, Baoge Zhang → Guan H, Chen Q, Han S, Zhang B
         Example: Eckart Voigts, Robin Markus Auer, Dietmar Elflein, Sebastian Kunas, Jan Röhnert, Christoph Seelinger
                         →
    Voigts E et al

     
  • Only capitalize the first word in the title and any proper nouns (i.e. names). All other words, including subtitles, should be in lowercase.
         Example: Shifting viewpoints: artificial intelligence and human-computer interaction

     
  • Taxonomic names: Use capitalized italics for the Genus and lowercase italics for the species (Dirofilaria immitis). Do not italicize the names of higher orders and families (Onchocercidae).

Name–Year Format

Book Format:

 

Author(s), editor(s) (if applicable). Date. Book Title. Edition (only if it is the second edition or above). Publisher.

     

Example:

 

Randolph T. 2021. Artificial intelligent: work, machines and human interaction. SNOVA.

   
     

Example:

 

Voights E et al, editors. 2024. Artificial intelligent - intelligent art? : human-machine interaction and creative practice. Verlag.

Remember: When citing journals, use the official abbreviation of its title. (List of Title Word Abbreviations). If a journal name is only one word, do not abbreviate. Example: Nature      J Amb Intel Hum Comp

 

Journal Format:

 

Author(s). Date. Article title. Journal title (abbreviated). Vol(issue):location (normally page numbers). URL (DOI-based URL preferred)

     

Example:

 

Winograd, T. 2006. Shifting viewpoints: artificial intelligence and human-computer interaction. Art Intel. 170(18):1256-1259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artint.2006.10.011

     
Example: Nazar M, Alam MM, Yafi E, Su'ud MM. 2021. A systematic review of human-computer interaction and explainable artificial intelligence in health care. IEEE Access. 9:153316-153348. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3127881

Website Format:

  Author(s) (if no author, cite under title). Date. Title. Publisher; [date updated] (if no date of publication is available, use “date unknown” and include an access date). URL
     
Example:   Tai MC-T. 2020 Aug 14. The impact of artificial intelligence on human society and bioethics. National Library of Medicine; [accessed 2025 January 7]. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7605294/
     

Example:

  Earth observation data and artificial intelligence. [date unknown]. NASA Earthdata; [accessed 2025 January 7]. https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/learn/earth-observation-data-basics/artificial-intelligence    

Dissertation Format:

 

Author. Date. Dissertation Title. [dissertation]. Publisher. URL

     

Example:

 

Dell'Acqua F. 2022. Artificial intelligence in organizations: three experiments on human/machine interaction and human augmentation. [dissertation]. Columbia University. Uhttps://search.proquest.com/openview/3201d2314659e728becbf2be0e20c488/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y

   
     

Citation–Sequence and Citation–Name Formats

Book Format:

 

Author(s), editors (if applicable). Book Title. Edition (only if it is the second edition or above). Publisher: year of publication.

     

Example:

 

Randolph T. Artificial intelligent: work, machines and human interaction. SNOVA: 2021.

   
     

Example:

 

Voights E et al, editors. Artificial intelligent - intelligent art? : human-machine interaction and creative practice. Verlag: 2024.

Remember: When citing journals, use the official abbreviation of its title. (List of Title Word Abbreviations). If a journal name is only one word, do not abbreviate. Example: Nature      J Amb Intel Hum Comp

 

Journal Format:

 

Author(s). Article title. Journal title (abbreviated). Date;vol(issue):location (normally page numbers). URL (DOI-based URL preferred)

     

Example:

 

Winograd, T. Shifting viewpoints: artificial intelligence and human-computer interaction. Art Intel. 2006;170(18):1256-1259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artint.2006.10.011

     
Example: Nazar M, Alam MM, Yafi E, Su'ud MM. A systematic review of human-computer interaction and explainable artificial intelligence in health care. IEEE Access. 2021;9:153316-153348. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3127881

Website Format:

  Author(s) (if no author, cite under title). Title. Publisher; date of publication [date updated] (if no publish or update date is available, list access date). URL
     
Example:   Tai MC-T. The impact of artificial intelligence on human society and bioethics. National Library of Medicine; 2020 Aug 14 [accessed 2025 January 7]. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7605294/
     

Example:

  Earth observation data and artificial intelligence. NASA Earthdata; [accessed 2025 January 7]. https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/learn/earth-observation-data-basics/artificial-intelligence    

Dissertation Format:

 

Author. Dissertation Title. [dissertation]. Publisher; year of publication. URL

     

Example:

 

Dell'Acqua F. Artificial intelligence in organizations: three experiments on human/machine interaction and human augmentation. [dissertation]. Columbia University; 2022. Uhttps://search.proquest.com/openview/3201d2314659e728becbf2be0e20c488/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y